ʻO nā hāʻina mīkini wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe no ka hana a me nā waʻa kuʻi

He 1,000 - 3,000 mau hola o ka makahiki ka holo ana o na aina awa a me na waapa moku moku, aka, ma kahi o 80% o ka manawa e hoohanaia ai na enekini ma lalo o 20% ukana. No laila, hoʻokahi criterion no ke koho ʻana i ka ʻenekini maikaʻi loa no kāu huki ʻana, ʻo ia: kaʻana like ʻana i ka mana. I nā makahiki 1980, ma kahi o 70% o nā moku kaʻa i hoʻolako ʻia me nā ʻenekini māmā. I kēia lā, kokoke i 90% o nā waʻa kaʻa ma nā awa a me nā pahu e kūkulu ʻia ana e hoʻohana i nā ʻenekini kiʻekiʻe.

ʻEnekini kiʻekiʻe no ka awa a me ka hoʻopakele moku

1: Hana wikiwiki
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hana ʻana o ka mīkini kiʻekiʻe, mai ka palaualelo a hiki i ka ukana piha, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka wikiwiki, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana a me ka operability. ʻO ka manawa wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki o ka hana-ka hoʻohālikelike mana kiʻekiʻe (0-100%).

ʻEnekini kiʻekiʻe no ka awa a me ka hoʻopakele moku

2: Ka nui a me ke kaumaha
ʻO nā ʻenekini kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka hapakolu o ka nui a me ke kaumaha o nā mīkini wikiwiki wikiwiki, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a me ka maʻalahi o nā ʻenekini kiʻekiʻe.

3: Hoʻohana wahie
Ke 50% ~ 70% a ma luna o ka ukana engine, he haʻahaʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie ma mua o ka mīkini kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka ʻike hana-Port a me Terminal Tugs

Hoʻohana wahie pili 65 T Port a me Terminal Tugboat Solution

4: Ka uku hana
ʻO nā kumukūʻai e pili ana i nā ʻenekini kiʻekiʻe a me ka wikiwiki ma mua o 15 mau makahiki, ua akaka ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa o nā mīkini kiʻekiʻe, me ka mālama ʻana o 10% a 12%

Kumukuai maʻamau

ʻO ka hoʻolālā kumukūʻai hana ma luna o 15 mau makahiki

So cat kiʻekiʻe-wikiwiki engineshiki ke lawe mai i nā pōmaikaʻi nui i nā hukihuki ma nā awa a me nā pā

ʻO ka moʻolelo aʻe o kaʻu e lawe iā ʻoe i ka hihia o nā mīkini kiʻekiʻe.